الدراسات الحاسوبية للقرآن الكريم خلال عقد (2016–2025): مراجعة منهجية لمسار التطور من النماذج الإحصائية إلى النماذج اللغوية الضخمة
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59222/ustjet.4.1.2الكلمات المفتاحية:
الدراسات الحاسوبية للقرآن الكريم، المعالجة الآلية للغة العربية (NLP)، نماذج المحوِّلات (Transformer Models)، النماذج اللغوية الضخمة (LLMs)، التوليد المعزَّز بالاسترجاع (RAG)، المراجعة المنهجية، الإنسانيات الرقميةالملخص
يمثّل التقاطع بين الذكاء الاصطناعي والنصوص المقدسة مجالًا نقديًا ومهمًا، لكنه لا يزال غير مستكشف بالقدر الكافي ضمن الدراسات الإنسانية الرقمية. تقدّم هذه الورقة أول مسحٍ منهجي يمتد على عقدٍ كامل للدراسات الحاسوبية للقرآن الكريم (2016–2025)، حيث ترصد تطوّر هذا المجال من نماذج أولية متفرقة قائمة على الأنطولوجيا إلى حقل بحثي متماسك ناضج منهجيًا. ومن خلال مراجعة منهجية صارمة متعددة المراحل شملت 112 دراسة محكّمة، نرسم مسارًا تحوليًا عبر ثلاث مراحل زمنية رئيسة: المرحلة التأسيسية (2016–2019) التي ركّزت على تمثيل المعرفة، ومرحلة التحول نحو نماذج المحوّلات (2020–2023) المدفوعة بالمعايير المجتمعية ونماذج المحوّلات العربية، ومرحلة التسارع (2024–2025) التي تميّزت بدمج النماذج اللغوية الضخمة (LLMs) وتقنيات التوليد المعزّز بالاسترجاع (RAG). يكشف التحليل الطولي عن تحوّل نموذجي واضح من الأساليب القائمة على القواعد والإحصاء إلى معماريات عميقة صُمِّمت صراحةً مع مراعاة الضوابط الأخلاقية والدقة اللاهوتية. وعلى الرغم من التقدم الملحوظ في مجالات مثل الإجابة الآلية عن الأسئلة القرآنية، وتوثيق الآيات، وتحليل التلاوة، لا يزال المجال يواجه فجوات جوهرية، لاسيما في التطبيقات متعددة اللغات، والنمذجة الحاسوبية للقراءات القرآنية المتواترة، والدمج العميق للتراث التفسيري الكلاسيكي. ومن خلال تقديم تصنيفٍ بنيوي، وتركيبٍ تاريخي للتوجهات البحثية، وخارطة طريق استراتيجية للعقد القادم، تعيد هذه الدراسة تأطير الدراسات الحاسوبية للقرآن بوصفها دراسة حالة ومحفّزًا للابتكار في تطوير ذكاء اصطناعي مسؤول، قابل للتفسير، ومتجذّر لاهوتيًا.
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الحقوق الفكرية (c) 2026 تنتقل حقوق الطبع والنشر إلى جامعة العلوم والتكنولوجيا، صنعاء، اليمن.

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